The following 2 games were examined, the main game (57 moves) is given with annotations and then again without annotations. 

White: G. Kasparov. 
Black: G. West. 
Event: Telex, 1977. 
Result: 1-0 in 12 moves. 
Opening: Sicilian Defence, Koch Variation, B40. 

1. e4 c5 
2. Nf3 Nf6 
3. Nc3 e6 
4. d4 cxd4 
5. Nxd4 Bb4 
6. e5 Nd5 
7. Bd2 Nxc3 
8. bxc3 Bf8 
9. Bd3 d6 
10. Qe2 Nd7 
11. Nxe6 Qb6 

| The knight is poisonous. If, 11. ... fxe6 12. Qh5+ g6 13. Bxg6+ hxg6 14. Qxg6+ Ke7 15. Bg5+ Nf6 16. Qxf6+, and white wins the black queen and 3 pawns for a piece. Instead, 11. ... fxe6 12. Qh5+ Ke7 13. Bg5+ Nf6 14. exf6+ gxf6 ^ If, 14. ... Kd7 15. fxg7 Be7 16. Bxe7 Kxe7 17. gxh8=Q, white is a rook and pawn up. ^^ 15. Bxf6+ Kxf6 16. Qh4+, white wins the black queen and a pawn for a piece. || 

12 .Nc7+ 
Black resigns, 1-0 

| If, 12. ... Qxc7 13. exd6+ wins the black queen for a piece. Instead, if, 12. ... Kd8 13. Nxa8, black is a rook down with no easy means of capturing the white a8 knight. || 

* * * 

## Annotated main game. 

White: Yang-Fan Zhou, 2478. 
Black: Ankush Khandelwal, 2225. 
Event: British Championship 2011. 
Result: 0-1 in 57 moves. 
Opening: Scotch Game, C45. 

1. e4 e5 
2. Nf3 Nc6 
3. d4 exd4 
4. Nxd4 Nge7 
5. Nc3 

| More popular here is, 5. Bb5, with similarities to the Cozio Variation of the Ruy Lopez, that is, 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nge7. || 

5. ... Nxd4 
6. Qxd4 Nc6 
7. Qe3 Bb4 
8. Bd2 O-O 
9. O-O-O 

| An opposite wing castling middlegame has been set up. Now we should expect lots of pawn advances in front of the opposing kings, shouldn't we? || 

9. ... d6 
10. Nd5 

| White declines to begin the pawn-storming, which could have began in two different ways. Firstly, h3, g4, f4, or secondly, f3, g4, h4. Now a second pair of minor pieces are traded. || 

10. ... Bxd2+ 
11. Rxd2 Be6 
12. f4 Bxd5 

| A third pair of minor pieces disappear, at this rate there will be nothing left to have a middlegame with. Also, any endgame could have an interesting battle of bishop against knight, where each player will be tested as to how to handle pawns with regard to the opposing minor piece. || 

13. exd5 Re8 
14. Qf2 Ne7 
15. f5 f6 

| Necessary. White must not be allowed to advance the f-pawn any further. Now black has a hole on e6 to guard from invasion. || 

16. Bb5 

| It seems the hoped-for opposite wing pawn race, in order to open up the opposing king, is not in the mind of either player. || 

16. ... c6 
17. dxc6 bxc6 

| Black now has 3 pawn islands. This type of pawn structure should favour the bishop over the knight, should a minor piece ending arise. || 

18. Ba4 d5 
19. Re1 Qb6 
20. Re6 Kf7 

| Offering protection to the knight and rook on the fully open e-file, and perhaps anticipating further material liquidation, so taking a move to get the king toward the centre seems sensible. || 

21. Bxc6 

| So, not only has the opposite wing pawn race been abandoned, but now there will be no skirmishing between the white bishop and the black knight, wether in a middlegame or an endgame. || 

21. ... Nxc6 
22. Qxb6 

| The defender of the black knight is removed, leaving the white rook active on the 6th rank in amongst the weak black pawns. || 

22. ... axb6 

| Black now has a rook in control of the e-file and the unmoved rook on the a-file has been gifted a semi-open file. However, the black b6 and d5 pawns are very weak and will not last long. Black must find activity quickly, or white will have 2 connected passed pawns on the queenside which will be almost unstoppable. || 

23. Rxc6 Rxa2 

| Hope you have all noticed that subtle threat of mate with, Ra1+. || 

24. Rxd5 Ra1+ 
25. Kd2 Rae1 

| Instead, 25. ... Rg1, seems tempting. However, white will happily let the kingside pawns go, in order to start advancing with, 26. c4, and white will be significantly ahead in any pawn promotion race once the black b6 pawn is captured. || 

26. Kc3 R1e2 

| Now that the white king hinders the advance of the c-pawn black can threaten to eliminate the white kingside. || 

27. Rd2 R8e3+ 
28. Rd3 Re7 

| A good retreat, guarding the king along the 7th rank. || 

29. Rd2 R7e3+ 

| Black is obviously willing to walk away with a draw. If confronted with this type of decision in your games, wether to accept a draw or not, use a good amount of any remaining time to analyse as deeply as possible. If prospects seem risky, take the draw by repetition, If prospects seem at least equal or better, then play on. || 

30. Rd3 Re7 
31. Rg3 

| Committing both players to a hard fight. The white rook on g3 is tied down to defending, and sitting in front of the g-pawn is distinctly unfavourable. The white king is also going to find himself continually in the way of the queenside pawns as they try to advance. || 

31. ... g5 
32. Kb3 

| White wishes to use the f5 pawn to prevent the black king from advancing. However, 32. fxg6+ hxg6, would give the g3 rook some potential activity against the black g6 pawn. White should avoid, 32. Rxb6 Rc7+ 33. Kb3 Rexc2, when black has reduced the queenside problems considerably. || 

32. ... h5 
33. Rxb6 h4 
34. Rg4 

| A rather miserable white g4 rook has no more manoeuvring moves left. The black kingside pawns have made progress, the white passed queenside pawns have not yet started. So, who is better? || 

34. ... R2e5 

| Ouch! Now the white f5 pawn is lost, permitting the black king to advance if required. Note that, 34. ... Rf2 35. Rb5, comes to white's rescue. || 

35. c4 Rxf5 
36. Kc3 Re2 
37. b4 Rff2 

| Doubled rooks on the 7th rank will almost always create serious threats. The white g2 pawn is falling, the white h-pawn seems also doomed. Now the advanced nature of the black kingside pawns soon becomes significant. || 

38. b5 

| Creating a flight route for the white king. Yet again, the advance of the white queenside pawns is going to be hindered by white pieces. In contrast, the black rooks are correctly placed to harass the advance of the white pawns. The ideal location to either assist or prevent advancing pawns is behind them. || 

38. ... Rc2+ 
39. Kb4 Rb2+ 
40. Kc5 Rxg2 
41. Rxg2 Rxg2 
42. Rd6 

| The white rook must take up a defensive position. Albeit a little late, we at last have that long-awaited opposite wing pawn race! Is white now beginning to have doubts about avoiding the 3-fold repetition earlier? || 

42. ... Rxh2 

| Now calculations must be made about both players advancing a pawn to promote, the opposing rook giving itself up on the new queen, and then the process of seeking another promotion begins. || 

43. Rd1 Rb2 

| Restrain the advance of opposing pawns from the rear. If the white king shuffles forward with the b-pawn, black will have to give up the rook. Then white can easily advance the c-pawn. However, the black king can advance to the h5 square to protect the h4 pawn, which allows the black g-pawn to advance. The black h and g-pawns will win the race. So, white must find something else other than shuffling the king and b-pawn up the board. || 

44. Rh1 

| Necessary to prevent further advance of the black h-pawn, and also prevents the black g-pawn from moving. || 

44. ... Kg6 
45. Kd4 

| A curious moment. White ntends, Kc3, kicking the black rook from behind the white b-pawn, however black can easily thwart this. Perhaps 45. Kb6 is better, which seems to gain a tempo on the game continuation, which can be critical in pawn races. || 

45. ... Rb3 
46. Kc5 Kh5 
47. Kb6 g4 
48. c5 g3 
49. c6 Rc3 

| Again, place the restraining rook behind an advancing pawn. || 

50. Kc7 g2 

| Revealing why a rook is uncomfortable when placed in front of advancing enemy pawns, sooner or later one will arrive and gain a tempo by attacking the rook. || 

51. Rb1 

| Now white places the rook behind a pawn to support it to advance. || 

51. ... h3 
52. b6 

| Now black has a fantastic opportunity. The idea was found and suggested by a group participant, albeit a move further on in the game. Here it crushes white. Black has, 52. ...Rxc6+ 53. Kxc6 h2 54. b7 h1=Q 55. b8=Q g1=Q+, that discovered check is so important as the doubled queens on the 8th rank now win the white b1 rook. Instead after, 52. ... Rxc6+ white can deviate with, 53. Kd7, but then black has a new idea with, 53. ... Rxb6 54. Rxb6 h2, and the white rook can not stop both black pawns, black will have a new queen and win. || 

52. ... h2 
53. b7 h1=Q 

| Had white not given away a tempo on move 45 with a needless king retreat, it would be white who promotes first and win. Imagine that white already has a queen on b8, due to that tempo, then white simply plays, 54. Rxh1 gxh1=Q 55. Qh8+, picking up the second black queen to reincarnate on the h1 square. Had black chosen to instead promote the g-pawn first, then the process for white to win is the same, ending with the black king being forced onto the g-file when, Qg8+, will pick up the second black queen. 

The previous tactical idea, now, 53. ... Rxc6+, still applies, assuming white captures the rook. However this time the trickier declining with, 54. Kd7 h1=Q 55. b1=Q, and again black can not yet promote the g-pawn, but the only player with winning chances is black. There is another try for black, which again involves having the nerve to hold back the h-pawn. After, 53. ... Rxc6+ 54. Kd7 Rb6 55. Rxb6 h2 56. b8=Q h1=Q 57. Rb1Kg4, and and the white queen and rook should round up the black king. Happy analysing! || 

54. b8=Q Qh2+ 

| Now the tactic on the white c6 pawn seems too late, white declines and plays, Kd7, leaving black with problems. || 

55. Kd7 Qh3+ 
56. Ke7 

| Perhaps either time trouble or tiredness is affecting play. White can fight on for longer with, 56. Kc7, though it will be black who can prod and probe, forcing white to make decisions. One plan is,57. ... Qg3+ 58. Kd7 Qg7+, and then the black king can wander up the h-file to try to make something of the advanced g-pawn. || 

56. ... Re3+ 
57. Kf8 

| Perhaps white is hoping to hide behind the black f6 pawn, black now plays arguably the best move of the game. || 

57. ... Kg6 
White resigns, 0-1 

| There is no sensible way to prevent mate. If 58. Kg8 Qh7+ 59. Kf8 Qh8+ mate. || 

* * * 

## Unannotated main game. 

White: Yang-Fan Zhou, 2478. 
Black: Ankush Khandelwal, 2225. 
Event: British Championship 2011. 
Result: 0-1 in 57 moves. 
Opening: Scotch Game, C45. 

1. e4 e5 
2. Nf3 Nc6 
3. d4 exd4 
4. Nxd4 Nge7 
5. Nc3 Nxd4 
6. Qxd4 Nc6 
7. Qe3 Bb4 
8. Bd2 O-O 
9. O-O-O d6 
10. Nd5 Bxd2+ 
11. Rxd2 Be6 
12. f4 Bxd5 
13. exd5 Re8 
14. Qf2 Ne7 
15. f5 f6 
16. Bb5 c6 
17. dxc6 bxc6 
18. Ba4 d5 
19. Re1 Qb6 
20. Re6 Kf7 
21. Bxc6 Nxc6 
22. Qxb6 axb6 
23. Rxc6 Rxa2 
24. Rxd5 Ra1+ 
25. Kd2 Rae1 
26. Kc3 R1e2 
27. Rd2 R8e3+ 
28. Rd3 Re7 
29. Rd2 R7e3+ 
30. Rd3 Re7 
31. Rg3 g5 
32. Kb3 h5 
33. Rxb6 h4 
34. Rg4 R2e5 
35. c4 Rxf5 
36. Kc3 Re2 
37. b4 Rff2 
38. b5 Rc2+ 
39. Kb4 Rb2+ 
40. Kc5 Rxg2 
41. Rxg2 Rxg2 
42. Rd6 Rxh2 
43. Rd1 Rb2 
44. Rh1 Kg6 
45. Kd4 Rb3 
46. Kc5 Kh5 
47. Kb6 g4 
48. c5 g3 
49. c6 Rc3 
50. Kc7 g2 
51. Rb1 h3 
52. b6 h2 
53. b7 h1=Q 
54. b8=Q Qh2+ 
55. Kd7 Qh3+ 
56. Ke7 Re3+ 
57. Kf8 Kg6 
White resigns, 0-1 

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